Recycling and Upcycling in Polymer and Textile Industries: Sustainable Solutions for a Circular Economy

Abstract

The polymer and textile industries are two of the largest contributors to global waste and environmental degradation, with plastic and textile waste being significant pollutants in ecosystems. As the global demand for plastics and textiles continues to increase, the need for sustainable solutions to manage waste from these sectors has become more critical. Recycling and upcycling have emerged as key strategies in promoting sustainability and facilitating the transition to a circular economy. These methods not only aim to reduce the consumption of virgin resources but also minimize environmental impacts by reusing materials and extending product lifecycles. This review provides an in-depth exploration of the current practices, challenges, and emerging technologies in the recycling
and upcycling of polymer and textile materials. It discusses mechanical recycling, chemical recycling, and textile-to-textile recycling, highlighting their respective advantages and limitations. Additionally, the growing role of upcycling in transforming waste into high-value, innovative products is examined, emphasizing its potential to create new economic opportunities. The review also explores the importance of circular
business models, which promote material reuse, product longevity, and waste reduction. By integrating circular economy principles, industries, policymakers, and consumers can collaborate to create sustainable supply chains and reduce environmental impacts. Ultimately, the review outlines the necessary steps toward scaling up recycling and upcycling practices, overcoming the existing challenges, and driving the widespread adoption of sustainable solutions across both sectors.