Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology: Applications in Automotive Industry
Abstract
This article examines the capacity of hydrogen fuel cell technology to serve as an environmentally friendly and enduring energy source for the automotive sector. The text focuses on the benefits, difficulties, and present uses of the technology in the automotive industry. The technology seeks to tackle environmental issues, bolster energy security, and transform transportation networks. The report also addresses technological concerns, infrastructure prerequisites, market trends, and future possibilities for the extensive implementation of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. The study tries to clarify the impact of hydrogen fuel cell technology on the automobile industry’s transition towards a more environmentally friendly and sustainable future, using thorough analysis and case examples. This paper analyses the intricate details of technology, infrastructure requirements, market trends, and future directions, emphasising the crucial significance of hydrogen fuel cell technology in guiding the automotive industry towards a more environmentally friendly and sustainable future.
References
1. Rossi L, Bianchi G. Sustainable Solutions: Integrating Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicles for Cleaner Operations. Journal of Energy Research and Reviews. 2024 Mar 30;16(3):52-63.
2. Fayyazbakhsh A, Bell ML, Zhu X, Mei X, Koutný M, Hajinajaf N, Zhang Y. Engine emissions with air pollutants and greenhouse gases and their control technologies. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2022 Nov 20;376:134260.
3. Bethoux O. Hydrogen fuel cell road vehicles and their infrastructure: An option towards an environmentally
friendly energy transition. Energies. 2020 Nov 23;13(22):6132.
4. Badea NI. Hydrogen as energy sources—Basic concepts. Energies. 2021 Sep 14;14(18):5783.
5. Amarachi N, Emeka O, Christopher A, Lovell A, Conrad E. Emissions of gasoline combustion by products in automotive exhausts. Int J Sci Res Publ. 2016;6(4):464- 2250.
6. Stambouli AB, Traversa E. Fuel cells, an alternative to standard sources of energy. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews. 2002 Sep 1;6(3):295-304.
7. Habib AR, Butler K. Environmental and economic comparison of hydrogen fuel cell and battery electric vehicles. Future Technology. 2022 Jun 25;1(2):25-33.
8. Ali R. Effect of Diesel Emissions on Human Health: A. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research. 2011;6(11):1333-42.
9. Soleimani, Alireza, Sayed Hamid Hosseini Dolatabadi, Mehrdad Heidari, Behrouz Mehdizadeh Khorrami, and Yang Luo. “Hydrogen: An Integral Player in the Future of Sustainable Transportation. A survey of Fuel Cell Vehicle Technologies, Adoption Patterns, and Challenges.” (2023).
10. Mahapatra MK, Singh P. Fuel cells: Energy conversion technology. InFuture Energy 2014 Jan 1 (pp. 511-547). Elsevier.
11. Badea NI. Hydrogen as energy sources—Basic concepts. Energies. 2021 Sep 14;14(18):5783.
12. Baker R, Zhang J. Proton exchange membrane or Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (Pem) fuel cells. Electrochem Encyclopedia. 2011;1:11-22.
13. Manoharan Y, Hosseini SE, Butler B, Alzhahrani H, Senior BT, Ashuri T, Krohn J. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles;
current status and future prospect. Applied Sciences. 2019 Jun 4;9(11):2296.
14. Pahon E, Bouquain D, Hissel D, Rouet A, Vacquier C. Performance analysis of proton exchange membrane
fuel cell in automotive applications. Journal of Power Sources. 2021 Oct 31;510:230385.
15. Pahon E, Bouquain D, Hissel D, Rouet A, Vacquier C. Performance analysis of proton exchange membrane fuel cell in automotive applications. Journal of Power Sources. 2021 Oct 31;510:230385.
16. Wang Y, Yuan H, Martinez A, Hong P, Xu H, Bockmiller FR. Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell and
hydrogen station networks for automobiles: Status, technology, and perspectives. Advances in Applied Energy. 2021 May 26;2:100011.
17. Corigliano O, Pagnotta L, Fragiacomo P. On the technology of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) energy systems for stationary power generation: A review. Sustainability. 2022 Nov 17;14(22):15276.
18. Burhan H, Cellat K, Yılmaz G, Şen F. Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). InDirect Liquid Fuel Cells 2021 Jan
1 (pp. 71-94). Academic Press.
19. Wang Q, Xue M, Lin BL, Lei Z, Zhang Z. Well-to-wheel analysis of energy consumption, greenhouse gas and
air pollutants emissions of hydrogen fuel cell vehicle in China. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020 Dec 1;275:123061.
20. Manoharan Y, Hosseini SE, Butler B, Alzhahrani H, Senior BT, Ashuri T, Krohn J. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles;
current status and future prospect. Applied Sciences. 2019 Jun 4;9(11):2296.
21. Wang X, Fu J, Liu Z, Liu J. Review of researches on important components of hydrogen supply systems and rapid hydrogen refueling processes. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2023 Jan 15;48(5):1904- 29.
22. Loengbudnark W, Khalilpour K, Bharathy G, Taghikhah F, Voinov A. Battery and hydrogen-based electric vehicle adoption: A survey of Australian consumers perspective. Case Studies on Transport Policy. 2022 Dec 1;10(4):2451-63.
23. Wang Q, Xue M, Lin BL, Lei Z, Zhang Z. Well-to-wheel analysis of energy consumption, greenhouse gas and air pollutants emissions of hydrogen fuel cell vehicle in China. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020 Dec 1;275:123061.
24. Dash SK, Chakraborty S, Roccotelli M, Sahu UK. Hydrogen fuel for future mobility: Challenges and future aspects. Sustainability. 2022 Jul 6;14(14):8285.
25. Terlouw T, Bauer C, McKenna R, Mazzotti M. Large-scale hydrogen production via water electrolysis: a technoeconomic and environmental assessment. Energy & Environmental Science. 2022;15(9):3583-602.
26. Qureshi F, Yusuf M, Kamyab H, Zaidi S, Khalil MJ, Khan MA, Alam MA, Masood F, Bazli L, Chelliapan S, Abdullah
B. Current trends in hydrogen production, storage and applications in India: A review. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments. 2022 Oct 1;53:102677.
27. Pardhi S, Chakraborty S, Tran DD, El Baghdadi M, Wilkins S, Hegazy O. A review of fuel cell powertrains for long-haul heavy-duty vehicles: Technology, hydrogen, energy and thermal management solutions. Energies.
2022 Dec 16;15(24):9557.
28. Behzadi Forough A, Roshandel R. Multi objective optimization of solid oxide fuel cell stacks considering parameter effects: fuel utilization and hydrogen cost. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy. 2013 Sep 1;5(5).
29. Hassan IA, Ramadan HS, Saleh MA, Hissel D. Hydrogen storage technologies for stationary and mobile applications: Review, analysis and perspectives. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2021
Oct 1;149:111311.
30. Kim C, Cho SH, Cho SM, Na Y, Kim S, Kim DK. Review of hydrogen infrastructure: the current status and roll-out strategy. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2023 Jan 15;48(5):1701-16.
31. Stephens, Denny R., and P. E. George. Survey of potential safety issues with hydrogen-powered vehicles. No. 2006-01-0327. SAE Technical Paper, 2006.
32. Malik FR, Yuan HB, Moran JC, Tippayawong N. Overview of hydrogen production technologies for fuel cell
utilization. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal. 2023 Jul 1;43:101452.
33. Oni AO, Anaya K, Giwa T, Di Lullo G, Kumar A. Comparative assessment of blue hydrogen from steam methane reforming, autothermal reforming, and natural gas decomposition technologies for natural gas-producing regions. Energy Conversion and Management. 2022 Feb 15;254:115245.
34. Cavaliere P. Hydrogen Applications. InWater Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production 2023 Aug 22 (pp. 653-727). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
35. Jin L, He H, Cui H, Lutsey N, Wu C, Chu Y, Zhu J, Xiong Y, Liu X. Driving a Green Future. pdf] The ICCT, Washington, DC, USA. Available at: https://theicct. org/ wp-content/uploads/2021/06/China-green-future-evjan2021. pdf [Accessed: 28 May 2023]. 2021.
36. Melbinger, Klara. “Private mobility: an electric future (?).” PhD diss., Wien, 2018.
37. Hassan Q, Azzawi ID, Sameen AZ, Salman HM. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles: Opportunities and challenges. Sustainability. 2023 Jul 25;15(15):11501.
38. Favaro, Nicolo. “Has the green economy revolutionized the car industry and customers choices?.” (2020).
39. Kar SK, Bansal R, Harichandan S. An empirical study on intention to use hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in India. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2022 May 29;47(46):19999-20015.
40. Campbell AR. An examination of the factors influencing the decision to adopt alternative fuel vehicles (Doctoral dissertation, Loughborough University).
41. Trencher G, Taeihagh A, Yarime M. Overcoming barriers to developing and diffusing fuel-cell vehicles: Governance strategies and experiences in Japan. Energy Policy. 2020 Jul 1;142:111533.
42. Akhai, Shalom. “Navigating the Potential Applications and Challenges of Intelligent and Sustainable
Manufacturing for a Greener Future.” (2023): 2237- 2243.
43. Akhai S, Singh VP, John S. Human performance in industrial design centers with small unit air conditioning systems. Journal of Advanced Research in Production Industrial Engineering. 2016;3(2):5-11.
44. Akhai S, Singh VP, John S. Investigating Indoor Air Quality for the Split-Type Air Conditioners in an Office
Environment and Its Effect on Human Performance. Journal of Mechanical Civil Engineering. 2016;13(6):113- 8.
45. Akhai S, Thareja P, Singh VP. Assessment of Indoor Environment Health Sustenance in Air Conditioned Class Rooms. Advanced Research in Civil and Environmental Engineering. 2017;4(1&2):1-9.
46. Tanwar N, Akhai S. Survey Analysis for Quality Control Comfort Management in Air Conditioned Classroom.
Journal of Advanced Research in Civil and Environmental Engineering. 2017;4(1&2):20-3.
47. Robledo CB, Oldenbroek V, Abbruzzese F, van Wijk AJ. Integrating a hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle with vehicle-to-grid technology, photovoltaic power and a residential building. Applied energy. 2018 Apr 1;215:615-29.
48. Mansour S, Raeesi M. Performance assessment of fuel cell and electric vehicles taking into account the fuel cell degradation, battery lifetime, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2024 Jan 2;52:834-55.
2. Fayyazbakhsh A, Bell ML, Zhu X, Mei X, Koutný M, Hajinajaf N, Zhang Y. Engine emissions with air pollutants and greenhouse gases and their control technologies. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2022 Nov 20;376:134260.
3. Bethoux O. Hydrogen fuel cell road vehicles and their infrastructure: An option towards an environmentally
friendly energy transition. Energies. 2020 Nov 23;13(22):6132.
4. Badea NI. Hydrogen as energy sources—Basic concepts. Energies. 2021 Sep 14;14(18):5783.
5. Amarachi N, Emeka O, Christopher A, Lovell A, Conrad E. Emissions of gasoline combustion by products in automotive exhausts. Int J Sci Res Publ. 2016;6(4):464- 2250.
6. Stambouli AB, Traversa E. Fuel cells, an alternative to standard sources of energy. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews. 2002 Sep 1;6(3):295-304.
7. Habib AR, Butler K. Environmental and economic comparison of hydrogen fuel cell and battery electric vehicles. Future Technology. 2022 Jun 25;1(2):25-33.
8. Ali R. Effect of Diesel Emissions on Human Health: A. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research. 2011;6(11):1333-42.
9. Soleimani, Alireza, Sayed Hamid Hosseini Dolatabadi, Mehrdad Heidari, Behrouz Mehdizadeh Khorrami, and Yang Luo. “Hydrogen: An Integral Player in the Future of Sustainable Transportation. A survey of Fuel Cell Vehicle Technologies, Adoption Patterns, and Challenges.” (2023).
10. Mahapatra MK, Singh P. Fuel cells: Energy conversion technology. InFuture Energy 2014 Jan 1 (pp. 511-547). Elsevier.
11. Badea NI. Hydrogen as energy sources—Basic concepts. Energies. 2021 Sep 14;14(18):5783.
12. Baker R, Zhang J. Proton exchange membrane or Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (Pem) fuel cells. Electrochem Encyclopedia. 2011;1:11-22.
13. Manoharan Y, Hosseini SE, Butler B, Alzhahrani H, Senior BT, Ashuri T, Krohn J. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles;
current status and future prospect. Applied Sciences. 2019 Jun 4;9(11):2296.
14. Pahon E, Bouquain D, Hissel D, Rouet A, Vacquier C. Performance analysis of proton exchange membrane
fuel cell in automotive applications. Journal of Power Sources. 2021 Oct 31;510:230385.
15. Pahon E, Bouquain D, Hissel D, Rouet A, Vacquier C. Performance analysis of proton exchange membrane fuel cell in automotive applications. Journal of Power Sources. 2021 Oct 31;510:230385.
16. Wang Y, Yuan H, Martinez A, Hong P, Xu H, Bockmiller FR. Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell and
hydrogen station networks for automobiles: Status, technology, and perspectives. Advances in Applied Energy. 2021 May 26;2:100011.
17. Corigliano O, Pagnotta L, Fragiacomo P. On the technology of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) energy systems for stationary power generation: A review. Sustainability. 2022 Nov 17;14(22):15276.
18. Burhan H, Cellat K, Yılmaz G, Şen F. Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). InDirect Liquid Fuel Cells 2021 Jan
1 (pp. 71-94). Academic Press.
19. Wang Q, Xue M, Lin BL, Lei Z, Zhang Z. Well-to-wheel analysis of energy consumption, greenhouse gas and
air pollutants emissions of hydrogen fuel cell vehicle in China. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020 Dec 1;275:123061.
20. Manoharan Y, Hosseini SE, Butler B, Alzhahrani H, Senior BT, Ashuri T, Krohn J. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles;
current status and future prospect. Applied Sciences. 2019 Jun 4;9(11):2296.
21. Wang X, Fu J, Liu Z, Liu J. Review of researches on important components of hydrogen supply systems and rapid hydrogen refueling processes. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2023 Jan 15;48(5):1904- 29.
22. Loengbudnark W, Khalilpour K, Bharathy G, Taghikhah F, Voinov A. Battery and hydrogen-based electric vehicle adoption: A survey of Australian consumers perspective. Case Studies on Transport Policy. 2022 Dec 1;10(4):2451-63.
23. Wang Q, Xue M, Lin BL, Lei Z, Zhang Z. Well-to-wheel analysis of energy consumption, greenhouse gas and air pollutants emissions of hydrogen fuel cell vehicle in China. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020 Dec 1;275:123061.
24. Dash SK, Chakraborty S, Roccotelli M, Sahu UK. Hydrogen fuel for future mobility: Challenges and future aspects. Sustainability. 2022 Jul 6;14(14):8285.
25. Terlouw T, Bauer C, McKenna R, Mazzotti M. Large-scale hydrogen production via water electrolysis: a technoeconomic and environmental assessment. Energy & Environmental Science. 2022;15(9):3583-602.
26. Qureshi F, Yusuf M, Kamyab H, Zaidi S, Khalil MJ, Khan MA, Alam MA, Masood F, Bazli L, Chelliapan S, Abdullah
B. Current trends in hydrogen production, storage and applications in India: A review. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments. 2022 Oct 1;53:102677.
27. Pardhi S, Chakraborty S, Tran DD, El Baghdadi M, Wilkins S, Hegazy O. A review of fuel cell powertrains for long-haul heavy-duty vehicles: Technology, hydrogen, energy and thermal management solutions. Energies.
2022 Dec 16;15(24):9557.
28. Behzadi Forough A, Roshandel R. Multi objective optimization of solid oxide fuel cell stacks considering parameter effects: fuel utilization and hydrogen cost. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy. 2013 Sep 1;5(5).
29. Hassan IA, Ramadan HS, Saleh MA, Hissel D. Hydrogen storage technologies for stationary and mobile applications: Review, analysis and perspectives. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2021
Oct 1;149:111311.
30. Kim C, Cho SH, Cho SM, Na Y, Kim S, Kim DK. Review of hydrogen infrastructure: the current status and roll-out strategy. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2023 Jan 15;48(5):1701-16.
31. Stephens, Denny R., and P. E. George. Survey of potential safety issues with hydrogen-powered vehicles. No. 2006-01-0327. SAE Technical Paper, 2006.
32. Malik FR, Yuan HB, Moran JC, Tippayawong N. Overview of hydrogen production technologies for fuel cell
utilization. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal. 2023 Jul 1;43:101452.
33. Oni AO, Anaya K, Giwa T, Di Lullo G, Kumar A. Comparative assessment of blue hydrogen from steam methane reforming, autothermal reforming, and natural gas decomposition technologies for natural gas-producing regions. Energy Conversion and Management. 2022 Feb 15;254:115245.
34. Cavaliere P. Hydrogen Applications. InWater Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production 2023 Aug 22 (pp. 653-727). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
35. Jin L, He H, Cui H, Lutsey N, Wu C, Chu Y, Zhu J, Xiong Y, Liu X. Driving a Green Future. pdf] The ICCT, Washington, DC, USA. Available at: https://theicct. org/ wp-content/uploads/2021/06/China-green-future-evjan2021. pdf [Accessed: 28 May 2023]. 2021.
36. Melbinger, Klara. “Private mobility: an electric future (?).” PhD diss., Wien, 2018.
37. Hassan Q, Azzawi ID, Sameen AZ, Salman HM. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles: Opportunities and challenges. Sustainability. 2023 Jul 25;15(15):11501.
38. Favaro, Nicolo. “Has the green economy revolutionized the car industry and customers choices?.” (2020).
39. Kar SK, Bansal R, Harichandan S. An empirical study on intention to use hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in India. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2022 May 29;47(46):19999-20015.
40. Campbell AR. An examination of the factors influencing the decision to adopt alternative fuel vehicles (Doctoral dissertation, Loughborough University).
41. Trencher G, Taeihagh A, Yarime M. Overcoming barriers to developing and diffusing fuel-cell vehicles: Governance strategies and experiences in Japan. Energy Policy. 2020 Jul 1;142:111533.
42. Akhai, Shalom. “Navigating the Potential Applications and Challenges of Intelligent and Sustainable
Manufacturing for a Greener Future.” (2023): 2237- 2243.
43. Akhai S, Singh VP, John S. Human performance in industrial design centers with small unit air conditioning systems. Journal of Advanced Research in Production Industrial Engineering. 2016;3(2):5-11.
44. Akhai S, Singh VP, John S. Investigating Indoor Air Quality for the Split-Type Air Conditioners in an Office
Environment and Its Effect on Human Performance. Journal of Mechanical Civil Engineering. 2016;13(6):113- 8.
45. Akhai S, Thareja P, Singh VP. Assessment of Indoor Environment Health Sustenance in Air Conditioned Class Rooms. Advanced Research in Civil and Environmental Engineering. 2017;4(1&2):1-9.
46. Tanwar N, Akhai S. Survey Analysis for Quality Control Comfort Management in Air Conditioned Classroom.
Journal of Advanced Research in Civil and Environmental Engineering. 2017;4(1&2):20-3.
47. Robledo CB, Oldenbroek V, Abbruzzese F, van Wijk AJ. Integrating a hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle with vehicle-to-grid technology, photovoltaic power and a residential building. Applied energy. 2018 Apr 1;215:615-29.
48. Mansour S, Raeesi M. Performance assessment of fuel cell and electric vehicles taking into account the fuel cell degradation, battery lifetime, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2024 Jan 2;52:834-55.
Published
2024-04-24
How to Cite
VERMA, Rajni; TANEJA, Tanu.
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology: Applications in Automotive Industry.
Journal of Advanced Research in Automotive Technology and Transportation System, [S.l.], v. 8, n. 1, p. 7-13, apr. 2024.
Available at: <http://www.thejournalshouse.com/index.php/automotive-transport-tech-engg/article/view/1075>. Date accessed: 19 may 2024.
Issue
Section
Review Article
