Balancing Administrative Discretion with Accountability in Public Service Delivery

Abstract

Control over administration plays a fundamental role in ensuring that public policies are effectively implemented and aligned with legal and democratic principles. This review article examines the theoretical foundations, key mechanisms, challenges, and evolving trends in administrative control within the context of public policy. Beginning with the traditional bureaucratic models proposed by early public administration theorists, the article traces the evolution of control mechanisms, from hierarchical oversight to performance-based accountability. It highlights various internal and external mechanisms, such as administrative procedures, legislative oversight, judicial review, and citizen participation, which collectively ensure that administrative actions remain accountable to the public and policy objectives. However, modern governance presents new challenges, including the complexities of policy issues, decentralization, political interference, and the impact of technological advances on administrative functions. The article also explores emerging trends like collaborative governance, open government initiatives, and data-driven performance management, offering insights into how control mechanisms must adapt to the changing landscape of public administration. By analyzing these aspects, this review underscores the need for balancing administrative discretion with effective oversight to ensure efficient, transparent, and accountable governance.