Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Physics and Applications

Critical Analysis of Field Theory

Temur Z. Kalanov — Thu, 25 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

A detailed proof of the incorrectness of standard field theory (vector analysis) is proposed. The correct methodological basis for this proof is the unity of formal logic and rational dialectics. The unity of formal logic and rational dialectics is the only correct criterion of truth. The proof leads to the following irrefutable statement: standard field theory (vector analysis) is a gross error. Gross errors are as follows: (1) field theory is based on differential and integral calculus, which is an incorrect theory; (2) field theory is based on vector calculus, which is an incorrect theory; (3) field theory is formulated within the framework of a geometric coordinate system. But mathematical and physical quantities have no dimension “meter” and cannot be presented (be defined, exist) within the framework of a geometric coordinate system; (4) in the point of view of formal logic and dialectics, the concepts “field in abstracto” and “mathematical field” are identical and meaningless concepts. “Field in abstracto” and “mathematical field” have neither physical properties nor geometric properties; (5) the standard definition of a field is: “A field is a part of space, each point of which corresponds (conforms) to a certain value of some physical quantity”. In the point of view of formal logic, the term “correspondence” is meaningless. The subject-predicate conjunction in a definition must be either “is” or “is not”. Replacement of a dimensionless quantity in mathematical definitions and expressions by a dimensional quantity is an inadmissible operation; 6) a physical field has no points (i.e., values of a physical quantity) in a geometric coordinate system. A material point has coordinates, but a material point is not a point of a physical field. The error is in the assertion that the coordinates of a material point determine (define, identify) the value of a physical quantity; that the value of a physical quantity determines (defines, identifies) the coordinates of a material point; (7) the absurdity is that a dimensionless (i.e., mathematical) quantity is identical to a dimensional (i.e., physical) quantity.

How to cite this article:
Kalanov T Z. Critical Analysis of Field Theory. J Adv Res Appl Phy Appl 2026; 4(1): 1-10.

SPECIAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY: A GROSS ERROR IN PHYSICS

Temur Z. Kalanov — Thu, 25 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

A detailed proof of the incorrectness of the special theory of relativity (STR) is proposed. The correct methodological basis for the proof is the unity of formal logic and rational dialectics. The unity of formal logic and rational dialectics is the only correct criterion of truth. The proof leads to the following irrefutable statement: STR as a consequence of incorrectness of Lorentz transformations contains gross errors. Gross errors are as follows: (1) two material metric inertial coordinate systems (the “primed” and “unprimed” coordinate systems) are not identical. Really, the “unprimed” coordinate system contains the clock that determines only the “unprimed” (ordinary) time, but the “primed” coordinate system contains both the clock that determines the “unprimed” time and the clock that determines the “primed” (non-ordinary, special) time. The “primed” (non-ordinary, special) time is not defined; (2) “unprimed” time characterizes the motion of some material object. This motion is described by the coordinate representation of the Galilean transformation formula. The coordinate representation of the equation of motion of light (photon) contains the “primed” (non-ordinary, special) time. “Primed” (non-ordinary, special) time is not defined; (3) the coordinate representation of the Galilean transformation formula and the coordinate representation of the equation of motion of light (photon) contain both the coordinates of material objects and the lengths of paths passed by material objects. Coordinate representations express the identity of the coordinate (i.e., the segment of the material scale) and the length of the path passed by a material object. But the coordinate representations are incorrect, because coordinate representations express a violation of the formal-logical law of lack of contradiction. According to the law of lack of contradiction, the coordinate of a material object (i.e., the segment of the coordinate scale) is not identical to the length of the path passed by the material object; (4) Substitution of the coordinate representation of the Galilean transformation formula in the coordinate representation of the equation of motion of light (photon) is an incorrect operation leading to Lorentz transformations. The essence of the operation is expressed by the mathematical equality, the left side of which is the “primed” coordinate of the material object as a function of “unprimed” (ordinary) time, and the right side is the “primed” coordinate of light (photon) as a function of “primed” (non-ordinary, special) time. This equality means the coincidence of material objects in the “primed” coordinate system. The nonsense is that the coincidence occurs at different moments in time for different objects: coincidence for the material object occurs at some point of “unprimed” (ordinary) time, and coincidence for light (photon) occurs at a certain point of “primed” (non-ordinary, special) time. Moreover, the nonsense is that the coincidence occurs not at fixed moments in time, but at arbitrary (current) points in time.

Thus, the Lorentz transformations and the special theory of relativity are gross errors in physics. The special theory of relativity does not satisfy the criterion of truth and is not a scientific theory at all.

How to cite this article:
Kalanov T Z. Special Theory of Relativity: A Gross Error in Physics. J Adv Res Appl Phy Appl 2026; 4(1): 11-17.

Applications of Internet of Things Sensors Based on Advanced Materials: A Review

Suraj Pandey — Thu, 02 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a transformative technology
that connects physical devices, sensors, and systems through the internet,
enabling intelligent monitoring, automation, and data-driven decisionmaking. At the core of IoT systems are sensors that detect physical,
chemical, and biological parameters from the surrounding environment.
Recent advances in materials science have significantly enhanced the
performance of IoT sensors by improving their sensitivity, flexibility,
durability, and energy efficiency. Advanced materials such as graphene,
carbon nanotubes, metal–organic frameworks, nanocomposites, and
conductive polymers have enabled the development of highly responsive
and miniaturized sensors suitable for modern IoT applications. These
materials provide unique electrical, mechanical, and chemical properties
that allow sensors to operate in complex and dynamic environments.
This review article discusses the role of advanced materials in the
design and development of IoT sensors and examines their applications
across multiple sectors including healthcare, environmental monitoring,
smart agriculture, industrial automation, and smart cities. The article
also highlights the challenges associated with material stability, energy
consumption, and large-scale manufacturing, while outlining future
research directions aimed at improving the integration of advanced
materials into IoT sensor technologies.

How to cite this article:
Pandey S. Applications of Internet of Things
Sensors Based on Advanced Materials: A Review.

J Adv Res Appl Phy Appl 2026; 4(1): 18-21.

Recent Progress in Metamaterials and Their Optical Applications

Suraj Singh — Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Metamaterials are artificially structured composites engineered to exhibit electromagnetic responses unattainable in natural materials. Over the past two decades, metamaterials have enabled unprecedented control of light through phenomena such as negative refraction, artificial magnetism, and subwavelength waveguiding. This review provides a comprehensive survey of recent progress in optical metamaterials, focusing on their design principles, fabrication advances, and applications in lenses, cloaking, sensing, and integrated photonics. Emphasis is placed on developments in visible and nearinfrared regimes, active tunability, topological photonics, and metasurface platforms. Challenges including material losses, scalability, and integration with existing photonic systems are outlined, alongside prospects for future research toward practical optical metamaterial technologies.

How to cite this article:
Singh S. Recent Progress in Metamaterials and
Their Optical Applications. J Adv Res Appl Phy

Appl 2026; 4(1): 22-25.

Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical and Industrial Applications: A Review

Avinash Singh — Tue, 30 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have attracted significant attention in recent decades due to their unique magnetic properties, nanoscale size, and wide range of applications in both biomedical and industrial fields. These nanoparticles typically consist of magnetic elements such as iron, cobalt, nickel, and their oxides, with sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers. Their small size and high surface-to-volume ratio allow them to exhibit special magnetic behaviors such as superparamagnetism, making them highly useful for targeted drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hyperthermia therapy, environmental remediation, and catalysis. In the biomedical field, magnetic nanoparticles are used for disease diagnosis, drug delivery, biosensing, and cancer treatment. In industrial sectors, they play important roles in wastewater treatment, magnetic data storage, separation technologies, and advanced manufacturing processes. Despite their promising applications, challenges such as toxicity, particle aggregation, stability, and large-scale production remain areas of active research. This review article discusses the synthesis methods, physical and magnetic properties, and diverse biomedical and industrial applications of magnetic nanoparticles, as well as the current challenges and future prospects in this rapidly evolving field.

How to cite this article:
Singh A. Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical
and Industrial Applications: A Review. J Adv Res
Appl Phy Appl 2026; 4(1): 26-29.

Techno-Economic and Policy Frameworks for Solar-Bess Infrastructure in India

Sanjeev Kumar, Samit Tiwari — Sat, 13 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The aggressive implementation of utility-scale solar photovoltaic generation across India’s geographical zones has driven rapid progress in clean energy adoption, but it has simultaneously introduced complex structural challenges within the country’s multi-layered power infrastructure. Because solar resource availability is naturally variable, diurnal, and subject to immediate atmospheric changes, its rapid growth often strains legacy transmission corridors and impacts the operational balancing of state distribution networks. This article evaluates the techno-economic performance matrices, regulatory compliance pathways, and strategic policy frameworks that govern the installation of utility-scale Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) designed for high-penetration solar grids in India. By utilizing advanced power flow simulation software and financial modeling techniques, this article analyzes how optimized commercial dispatch configurations can lower institutional financial risks, balance volatile localized electricity pricing, and prevent green energy curtailment. Furthermore, the article analyzes the structural alignment of centralized battery installations with India’s evolving regulatory updates, such as the strict financial penalties
imposed under the Deviation Settlement Mechanism guidelines. By reviewing localized lifecycle data, battery cell degradation patterns, and active thermal management costs under extreme regional climatic conditions, this paper establishes a reliable roadmap for utilities and independent power producers. Ultimately, the successful deployment of optimized energy storage systems changes non-dispatchable solar assets into a firm, reliable energy resource, providing Indian energy planners and regional regulators with an actionable framework to transition the national grid toward an independent, resilient, and fully decarbonized power market.

How to cite this article:
Kumar S, Tiwari S. Techno-Economic and Policy
Frameworks for Solar-Bess Infrastructure in India.
J Adv Res Appl Phy Appl 2026; 4(1): 30-35.