The Role of Quantum Field Theory in Advancing Our Understanding of Particle Physics

Abstract

Particle physics, through the lens of Quantum Field Theory (QFT), has provided profound insights into the fundamental constituents of matter and the forces that govern their interactions. The Standard Model, the most successful framework in this field, describes the electromagnetic, weak, and strong forces, along with the particles mediating these forces. Despite its success, the Standard Model leaves several critical questions unanswered, such as the nature of dark matter, the origin of gravity, and the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe. This review explores the contributions of QFT to the field of particle physics, discusses the triumphs of the Standard Model, and highlights the ongoing search for new physics beyond it. Topics such as Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the search for dark matter, the discovery of the Higgs boson, and the future of particle physics experiments, including those at the Large Hadron Collider, are examined. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of both experimental and theoretical advancements in addressing the outstanding questions and pushing the boundaries of our understanding of the universe.